Da intersubjetividade à empatia: em busca das raízes da cooperação

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36482/1809-5267.ARBP2021v73i2p.156-170

Palavras-chave:

Empatia, Cooperação, Intersubjetividade, Imitação, Neurônios-espelho

Resumo

Com base nas evidências e reflexões encontradas na Psicologia do Desenvolvimento Humano, na Neurociência, na Psicologia Comparada e na  Etologia, argumentamos que a cooperação é entendida como tão  fundamental no processo de evolução das espécies que, para facilitá-la, a  natureza nos equipou com o mecanismo da empatia para promover a ajuda  entre os organismos. Procuramos mostrar como o entendimento da empatia foi ampliado com o desvendamento da intersubjetividade primária, com a descoberta dos neurônios-espelho e a partir da melhor compreensão das  bases neurais da emoção. Essas descobertas possibilitam entender a empatia como uma forma de comunicação pré-linguística de base emocional, cujos principais instrumentos são o mimetismo, a sincronia biocomportamental e o compartilhamento emocional, com origem no cuidado parental.

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2022-06-22

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Artigos de Pesquisa Original