A Interpretação Epistêmica da Semântica Bidimensional

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35920/arf.2018.v22i2.114-143

Palavras-chave:

semântica bidimensional, David Chalmers, Frank Jackson

Resumo

O presente artigo pretende apresentar e avaliar criticamente o projeto racionalista de David Chalmers e Frank Jackson na interpretação epistêmica da chamada semântica bidimensional. Diferentes versões do aparato formal da semântica bidimensional são lançadas para resolver certos problemas no âmbito da filosofia da linguagem, a saber, dar conta do conteúdo semântico de termos indexicais, produzir uma explicação para os híbridos modais como instâncias do necessário a posteriori e contribuir para o debate acerca da determinação do conteúdo mental. De um modo geral, a semântica bidimensional estipula uma dupla dependência de expressões linguísticas frente a possibilidades ou cenários. Uma das noções centrais para a construção das possibilidades relevantes é a noção de “cenário”. O presente trabalho procura responder a duas objeções aa noção de cenário empregada por David Chalmers em sua interpretação do aparato bidimensional.

 

Abstract

This paper aims at presenting and critically assessing the epistemic interpretation advanced by David Chalmers and Frank Jackson of the two-dimensional semantic framework. Different versions of the formal apparatus of the two-dimensional framework are used to account for philosophical phenomena such as the content of indexical terms, modal hybrids, such as posteriori necessities and the individuation of mental content. Generally, two-dimensional framework stipulates a double dependence of linguistic terms on possibilities or scenarios. One of the central notions for the construction of the relevant kind of possibility is the notion of “scenario”. The aim of the paper is to defend the two- dimensional framework from two objections regarding the notion of scenario.

Referências

CHALMERS, D.J. 2002. The Components of Content. In CHALMERS, D.J. (org.) (2002). Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Citado de acordo com <http://consc.net/papers/content.html>

CHALMERS, D.J. 2003. The Nature of Narrow Content. Philosophical Issues 13: 46- 66. https://doi.org/10.1111/1533-6077.00004. Citado de acordo com <http://consc.net/papers/narrow.html>.

CHALMERS, D.J. 2004. Epistemic Two-Dimensionalism. Philosophical Studies 118: 153-226. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PHIL.0000019546.17135.e0

CHALMERS, D.J. 2006. The Foundations of Two-Dimensional Semantics. In GARCIA-CARPINTERO, M. e MACIA, J. (orgs.) Two-Dimensional Semantics: Foundations and Applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

GARCIA-CARPINTERO, M. e MACIA, J. 2006. Two-Dimensional Semantics: Foundations and Applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

JACKSON, F. 1998. From Metaphysics to Ethics: a Defense of Conceptual Analysis. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

JACKSON, F. 1998a. Reference and Description Revisited. Philosophical Perspectives 32, suplemento 12, Language, Mind and Ontology: 201-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/0029-4624.32.s12.9

JACKSON, F. 2003. Narrow Content and Representation, or Twin Earth Revisited. Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 77(2): 55-70. https://doi.org/10.2307/3219741

JACKSON, F. 2004a. Representation and Narrow Belief. Philosophical Issues 13(1): 99-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/1533-6077.00007

JACKSON, F. 2004b. Why We Need A-intensions. Philosophical Studies 118: 257- 277. Citado de acordo com: <http://consciousness.anu.edu.au/jackson/A- intensions.pdf>.

JACKSON, F. 2007. Reference and Description from the Descriptivists’ Corner. Philosophical Books 48(1): 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.2007.00426.x

LEWIS, D. 1973. Causation. Journal of Philosophy 70: 556-567. https://doi.org/10.2307/2025310

LYCAN, W. 2009. Serious Metaphysics: Frank Jackson's Defense of Conceptual Analysis. In RAVENSCROFT, I. (org.) Minds, Ethics and Conditionals: Themes from the Philosophy of Frank Jackson. 61-83. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199267989.001.0001

MCLAUGHLIN, B. e COHEN, J. 2007. Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Mind. Oxford: Blackwell.

PUTNAM, H. 1975. The Meaning of ‘Meaning’. In GUNDERSON, K. (org.). Language, mind and knowledge. 131-193. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Reimpresso em Mind, Language and Reality: Philosophical Papers, vol. 2: 215- 271. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511625251.014

SAWYER, S. 2007) There is No Viable Notion of Narrow Content. In MCLAUGHLIN, B. e COHEN, J. (orgs.) Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Mind. 20-33. Oxford: Blackwell.

SCHROETER, L. 2004. “The Rationalist Foundations of Chalmers's 2D- Semantics”. Philosophical Studies 152: 227-255. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:phil.0000019547.96461.d9

SCHROETER, L. 2010. “Two-Dimensional Semantics.” In ZALTA, E. (org.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Citado de acordo com: <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2010/entries/two-dimensional- semantics/>.

SPEAKS, J. 2010. “Epistemic Two-dimensionalism and the Epistemic Argument”. Australasian Journal of Philosophy 88 (1): 59-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048400802674727

STALNAKER, R. 1978. “Assertion.” In STALNAKER, R. (org.) 1999. Content and Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

STALNAKER, R. 1989. “On What's in the Head.” In STALNAKER, R. (org.) 1999. Content and Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

STALNAKER, R. 1990. “Narrow Content.” In STALNAKER, R. (org.) 1999. Content and Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

STALNAKER, R. 1999. Content and Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

STALNAKER, R. 2006. Assertion Revisited. In Garcia-Carpintero, M. e Macia, J. (orgs.) Two-Dimensional Semantics: Foundations and Applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Downloads

Publicado

2020-08-05