Tooth whitening affects bond strength of adhesive systems in enamel

Abstract

This study presents how the tooth whitening affects the bond strength and fracture type of three distinct
adhesives — a conventional, a self-etching, and a universal adhesive — in enamel. Health bovine incisors
were prepared by flattening the labial surface; part of these teeth was submitted to whitening treatment with a
peroxide-based product (WhiteGold Office© 35%). The Single Bond©, AdheSE©, or Single Bond Universal©
adhesive system were used to adhere a block of restorative resin to the flat surface of the teeth. Sticks
measuring 10x1x1 mm were prepared and used in microtensile tests; they were also employed to examine the
type of fracture. The results are analyzed with a two-way ANOVA. For both whitened and non-whitened
specimens, the adhesive systems did not give statistically different bond strength values. However, the
fracture shape (classified into four types) varied from a cohesive enamel type fracture for the whitened
samples to a predominantly cohesive resin type fracture for the non-whitened teeth. Therefore, the whitening
procedure has exerted a weakening effect on enamel even after 21 days post-treatment.
Keywords: Tooth whitening; adhesive systems; bond strength; fracture; restorative system.