Categories: questions about the Aristotelian scheme compared to modern and contemporary discussions

Abstract

The present work deals with the question of the categories in Aristotle as the supreme genera in which things are classified. There is a connection between this scheme of categories and forms of language. The discussion is developed considering that the category of substance has priority over all other categories. The notions of universal and individual, linked to the concepts of substance and accident, provide a picture of reality from the point of view of organization of its elements among the supreme genera. Modern and contemporary theories are addressed in order to visualize different possibilities of interpretation of the Aristotelian scheme of categories and the construction of new schemes.