Ars vel scientia rationalis. A natureza ambivalente da lógica segundo Tomás de Aquino

Autores

  • Alfredo Carlos Storck UFRGS

Palavras-chave:

Tomás de Aquino, Roberto Kilwardby, Rogério Bacon, lógica medieval, classificação das ciências, Thomas Aquinas, Robert Kilwardby, Roger Bacon, medieval logic, classification of sciences

Resumo

Tomás de Aquino classifica a lógica simultaneamente como arte e ciência. Essa ambiguidade foi interpretada por alguns scholars como uma contradição prima facie que deveria ser eliminada para que a posição de Tomás fizesse sentido. No presente artigo, tentaremos, primeiramente, sugerir que a mesma ambiguidade estava presente em diversos autores do período e ilustraremos esse ponto citando como exemplo a classificação proposta por Rogério Bacon. Em segundo lugar, analisaremos uma outra classificação importante da lógica como ciência do discurso e da razão, visão compartilhada, por exemplo, por Roberto Kilwadby. Em terceiro lugar, mostraremos que Tomás não segue essa tradição e propõe entender a lógica apenas como ciência da razão, posição essa que é consistente com a divisão da lógica como ciência e arte

 

Abstract

Thomas Aquinas classifies logic simultaneously as art and science. This ambiguity was interpreted by some scholars as a prima facie contradiction that should be eliminated if we want to make sense of Thomas' position. In this paper, we will, firstly, try to suggest that the same ambiguity was present in different authors of the period and we will illustrate this point quoting Roger Bacon's classification of logic as an example. Secondly, we will analyze another important classification of logic as a science of discourse and a science of reason, a view shared, among others, by Robert Kilwardby. Thirdly, we will see that Aquinas does not follow this tradition and proposes an understanding of logic only as a science of reason, a position that is consistent with the division of logic as science and art.

 

Recebido em 08/2014
Aprovado em 09/2014

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Publicado

2015-04-09