A Ciência Política em Thomas Reid

Autores

  • Vinicius França Freitas UFMG - Université Paris I

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35920/arf.v22i1.24728

Palavras-chave:

senso comum, ciência, política, filosofia da natureza, experiência, Thomas Reid, common sense, science, politics, philosophy of nature, experience

Resumo

O artigo compreende a discussão de três aspectos do pensamento político de Thomas Reid. Inicialmente, apresenta-se e discute-se a compreensão reidiana de ciência política. Na sequência, argumenta-se que, diferentemente dos princípios primeiros de outros campos do saber, como, por exemplo, a matemática, a filosofia da mente e a moral, os princípios primeiros da ciência política não são princípios primeiros do senso comum. A política é fundada sobre uma forma de conhecimento empírico que não pode ser identificada com o senso comum, com os julgamentos e crenças devidos à constituição original da mente que são compartilhadas pela maior parte dos seres humanos. Por fim, argumenta-se, a partir de um paralelo com a filosofia da natureza, que o senso comum possui apenas um papel metodológico no âmbito da ciência política.

Abstract


The paper covers the discussion of three aspects of Thomas Reid’s political thought. Initially, it presents and discusses Reid’s understanding of Politics. Secondly, it is argued that, unlike the first principles of other branches of knowledge, such as Mathematics, Philosophy of Mind and Morals, the first principles of Politics are not the first principles of common sense. Politics is founded on a form of empirical knowledge that cannot be identified with common sense, with the judgments and beliefs due to the original constitution of mind that are shared by most humans. Finally, it is argued, from a parallel with the philosophy of nature, that common sense has only a methodological role in Politics.

Referências

DUCHEYNE, S. (2002) "Reid’s adaptation and radicalization of Newtons’s Natural Philosophy. History of European Ideas, vol. 32, número 2, pp. 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.histeuroideas.2006.02.001

LAUDAN, L. (1991) Science and hypothesis, historical essays on scientific methodology. Dordrecht: Reidel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7288-0

MARCIL-LACOSTE, L. (1982) Claude Buffier and Thomas Reid: Two Common-Sense Philosophers. Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.

PELSER, A. (2010) "Belief in Reid’s theory of perception. History of Philosophy Quarterly, vol. 27, número 4, pp. 359-378.

REDEKOP, B. (2001) "Thomas Reid and the problem of induction: from common experience to common sense. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, vol. 33, pp. 35-57.

REID, T. (2010) Essays on the active powers of man. Edited by Knud Haakonssen and James A. Harris. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00106526

REID, T. (2002) Essays on the intellectual powers of man. Edited by Derek Brookes. Edinburgh: Edinburgh

University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00106533

REID, T. (1997) Inquiry into the human mind on the principles of common sense. Edited by Derek Brookes.

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00106376

REID, T. (2015) Thomas Reid on politics and society. Edited by Knud Haakonssen and Paul Wood. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00174897

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Publicado

16-04-2019