Revisão da Lógica, Equilíbrio Refexivo e Bidirecionalidade Normativa

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Revisão da Lógica, Equilíbrio Reflexivo, Normatividade, Pragmatismo

Resumo

Resumo: Como podemos racionalmente justificar nossos princípios lógicos se a própria possibilidade de justificação racional os pressupõe? Em que medida é possível revisar algo tão fundamental como princípios lógicos? Como podemos justificar um conjunto de regras básicas da lógica como o correto sem circularidade ou regresso ao infinito? Neste artigo, exploraremos uma abordagem pragmatista e normativa da lógica para o problema epistêmico da justificação e revisão das regras lógicas mais básicas. Defendemos que a lógica é uma ciência análoga às disciplinas normativas como sugerido por Prawitz (1978) e Peregrin e Svoboda (2017). Apresentaremos, pois, um método pragmatista para se pensar a possibilidade de revisar a lógica e seus princípios. Este método defende a revisão baseada no equilíbrio reflexivo em relação às nossas considerações teóricas mais gerais e instâncias locais, como inferências particulares, revisando qualquer um desses elementos, sempre que necessário, a fim de obter uma coerência aceitável. Desenvolveremos a noção de bidirecionalidade normativa e defenderemos que, o que chamamos de pressão normativa ascendente, expressa adequadamente a dinâmica de revisão de princípios lógicos.

Palavras-chave: Revisão da Lógica, Equilíbrio Reflexivo, Normatividade, Pragmatismo

 

Abstract: How could we rationally justify our logical principles, if the very possibility of rational justification presupposes them? To what extent is it possible to revise something as fundamental as logical principles? How could we justify a set of basic principles of logic as the correct one without circularity or infinite regress? In our paper, we will explore a pragmatist and normative approach to the epistemic problem of justification and revision of the most basic logical rules. We defend that logic is a science analogous to normative disciplines as suggested by Prawitz (1978) and Peregrin e Svoboda (2017). We will therefore present a pragmatic method for investigating the possibility of revising logic and its principles. This method defends the revision of logic based on the notion of reflexive equilibrium in relation to our more general theoretical considerations and local instances as particular inferences, revising any of these elements, whenever necessary, in order to obtain an acceptable coherence. We will develop the notion of normative bidirectionality and argue that what we call upward normative pressure adequately expresses the dynamical aspect in the revision of logical principles.

Key-words: Revision of Logic, Reflective Equilibrium, Normativity, Pragmatism

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26-09-2024

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