O Papel da Abstração na Instanciação da Álgebra nas Regulae ad Directionem Ingenii
Abstract
No presente artigo defenderei primeiramente que para Descartes -- diferentemente da tradição aristotélica -- a abstração não é uma operação do intelecto que constitui objeto matemático por meio do recurso ao objeto sensível. Em seguida, vou mostrar que na filosofia cartesiana o entendimento tem a capacidade de instanciar -- inscrita no processo de abstração -- símbolos matemáticos que representam a relação entre grandezas, sejam elas contínuas ou discretas. Por fim, defenderei que a falta de compromisso ontológico da filosofia da matemática cartesiana com a experiência sensível permite a criação de uma linguagem matemática que se refere aos objetos da geometria e aritmética por meio de um mesmo sistema de regras e notações, a saber, a álgebra.
Abstract:
In this essay I will defend three points, the first being that Descartes- unlike the aristotelian traditon- maintained that abstraction is not a operation in which the intellect builds the mathematical object resorting to sensible objects. Secondly I will demonstrate that, according to cartesian philosophy, the faculty of understanding has the ability to instatiate- within the process of abstraction- mathematical symbols that represent the relation between quantities, whether magnitude or multitude.And finally I will advocate that the lack of onthological commitment with sensible experience found in cartesian philosophy of mathematics allows for the creation of a mathematical language that regards the objects of geometry and arithmetics through a system of rules and notations, in other words, algebra.
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