As dimensões da floresta nos séculos XII e XIII – o real e o imaginário

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55702/medievalis.v12i1.61822

Palabras clave:

Floresta, Imaginário Medieval, Inglaterra, Séculos XII-XIII, Cultura Popular

Resumen

Do Rei ao marginalizado, a floresta terá sido utilizada pelos mais diversos grupos que compunham a sociedade medieval. Como espaço importante, dela a população obtém recursos animais e vegetais, é palco do exercicio da caça, porém, é igualmente um local perigoso, por onde deambulam indivíduos que se encontram à margem da sociedade, e que podem atacar e saquear quem por nela viaja. Este medo encontra-se igualmente associado a um outro tipo de receio – o sobrenatural. É na floresta que se dão os encontros com seres maravilhosos, que encontramos presentes nos mais diversos textos literários da Idade Média.

Através da leitura e análise de fontes literárias inglesas, procura-se analisar as duas dimensões da floresta medieval – o real e o imaginário. E, assim, compreender a relação da população com este espaço, com os seus ocupantes e com os seres que compõem o mundo do sobrenatural. Ao mesmo tempo, com foco na cultura popular e na análise e compreensão da mentalidade dos indivíduos dos séculos XII e XIII.

Citas

Fontes editadas

BANKS, S. E., BINNS, James W. (ed.). Gervase of Tilbury: Otia Imperialia. Recreation for an Emperor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2002.

JAMES, M. R. (ed.). Walter Map De nugis curialium. Courtier’s Trifles. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983.

MAXWELL, Sir Herbert (ed.). The Chronicle of Lanercost. Glasgow: Robert Maclehose & Company Ltd, 1913.

Estudos

BARBOSA, Pedro Gomes. O imaginário medieval: medos, crenças e outros confortos. In: RITA, Annabela; CRISTÓVÃO, Fernando (eds). Fabricar a inovação: o processo criativo em questão nas ciências, nas letras e nas artes. Lisboa, Gradiva, 2016, p. 341-354.

BERTI, Beatrice. Fairies and the Fairy World in Middle English Literature: the Orpheus Tradition from the Classical Era to the Middle Ages. Tesi di Laurea Magistrale. Padova: Università degli Studi di Padova, 2015/2016.

BIRRELL, Jean. Common Rights in the Medieval Forest: Disputes and Conflicts in the Thirteenth Century. Past & Present. Oxford, no. 117, p. 22-49, 1987.

BIRRELL, Jean. The Medieval English Forest. Journal of Forest History, Oxford, Vol. 24, No. 2, p. 78-85, April 1980.

COHEN, Meredith, MADELINE, Fanny (eds.). Space in the Medieval West. Places, Territories, and Imagined Geographies. New York: Routledge, 2016.

DOOB, Penelope Reed. The Idea of the Labyrinth. From Classical Antiquity through the Middle Ages. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992.

FERLAMPIN-ACHER, Christine. The Natural World. In: McFadyen Johnny, Tether, Leah (eds.). Handbook of Arthurian Romance: King Arthur’s Court in Medieval European Literature. Belin, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2017. p. 239-258.

HANAWALT, Barbara A., KOBIALKA, Michal (eds.). Medieval practices of space. Volume 23. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2000.

HOSKINS, William George (ed.). The Making of the English Landscape. 4th edition. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1960.

JONES, Richard. The Medieval Natural World. New York: Routledge, 2013.

KEEN, Maurice. The Outlaws of Medieval Legend. 4th edition. New York: Routledge, 2000.

LEGOFF, Jacques (dir.). O Homem Medieval. 1ª edição. Lisboa: Editorial Presença, 1989.

LEGOFF, Jacques. O Imaginário Medieval. Lisboa: Editorial Estampa, 1994.

LEGOFF, Jacques. O maravilhoso e o quotidiano no ocidente medieval, Lisboa: Edições 70, 2017.

LITTLE, A. G. The Authorship of the Lanercost Chronicle. The English Historical Review, Oxford, no. 122, vol. 31, p. 269-279, April 1916.

MARZELLA, Francesco. Tackling mirabilia: Gervase of Tilbury, Walter Map and the Church Fathers. In: ___. Felici curiositate. Studies in Latin Literature and Textual Criticism from Antiquity to the Twentieth Century. In Honour of Rita Beyers. Turnhout, Bepols, 2017, p. 573-594.

MENCEJ, Mirjam. Spaces of Passage into Supernatural Time. Tautosakos darbai XLIV, Lietuva, p. 30-48, 2012.

MOORMAN, J. R. Edward I at Lanercost Priory 1306-7. The English Historical Review, Oxford, vol. 67, no. 263, p. 161-174, 1952.

OMAN, C.C. The English Folklore of Gervase of Tilbury. Folklore, United Kingdom, vol. 55, no. 1, p. 2-15, Mar. 1944.

PORTEOUS, Alexander. The Forest in Folklore and Mythology. 1st edition. New York: Dover Publications Inc., 2002.

RITTER, Eva, DAYKSTA, Dainis (eds.). New Perspectives on People and Forests. Berlin, Springer Science + Business Media, 2011.

RUSSELL, Jeffrey Burton. Folklore In: ____. Lucifer: The Devil in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1984, p. 62-91.

RÜTH, Aexel. Representing Wonder in Medieval Miracle Narratives. MLN, Baltimore, vol. 126, no. 4, p. S89-S114, 2011.

RYAN, Harper. The Representation of Woodland Space in Middle English Popular Narrative. Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Rochester: University of Rochester, 2011.

SAUNDERS, Corinne. The Forest of Medieval Romance: Avernus, Broceliande, Arden. 1st edition. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1993.

SAUNDERS, Corinne. Magic and the Supernatural in Medieval English Romance. 1st edition. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2010.

SCHMITT, Jean-Claude. Ghosts in the Middle Ages. The Living and the Dead in Medieval Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.

SCHWIETERMAN, Patrick Joseph. Fairies, Kingship, and the British Past in Walter Map's De Nugis Curialium and Sir Orfeo. A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. California: University of California, 2010.

VÍDALÍN, Arngrímur. Some Thoughts on the Supernatural, the Fantastic and the Paranormal in Medieval and Modern Literature. In: KUUSELA, Tommy; MAIELLO, Giuseppe. Folk Belief and Traditions of the Supernatural. Scotland, Beewolf Press, 2016, p. 7-26.

WADE, James. Fairies in Medieval Romance. 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

WATKINS, C. S. History and the Supernatural in Medieval England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

WOOD, Juliette. The Fairy Bride Legend in Wales. Folklore, United Kingdom, vol. 103, no. 1, p. 56-72, 1992.

Publicado

2024-04-05

Número

Sección

Artigos