Relação entre as Dimensões Culturais dos Países e o Risco das Instituições Bancárias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21446/scg_ufrj.v18i3.57713Palavras-chave:
Cultura Nacional, Risco Bancário, Instituições Formais.Resumo
O objetivo do estudo é verificar se a relação entre a cultura nacional – individualismo versus coletivismo e aversão à incerteza – e o risco das instituições bancárias é afetado pelas instituições formais. Para realizar este estudo, foram utilizadas as dimensões culturais de Hofstede (2010), limitando-se as dimensões culturais de individualismo versus coletivismo e aversão à incerteza, o indicador de eficácia do governo de Kaufmann et. al (2007) para representar as instituições formais e o risco de insolvência representado pelo Z-SCORE como variável dependente de risco bancário, permitindo analisar 1.238 bancos comerciais listados, distribuídos em 79 países dos cinco continentes. A partir da estimação do modelo, observou-se que as variáveis de dimensões culturais (IDV e UAI) não apresentaram uma relação estatisticamente significante com o risco bancário (Z-SCORE). Entretanto, observou-se uma relação negativa e estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis moderadoras – MOD_IDV e MOD_UAI – e o risco bancário. Como esperava-se que a relação entre individualismo e risco bancário fosse afetada positivamente pelas instituições formais, tal resultado permitiu rejeitar a hipótese H2.1. Em contrapartida, a relação entre a aversão à incerteza e o risco bancário corroborou a hipótese H2.2, permitiram observar que as instituições formais afetam a relação entre as culturas nacionais e o risco bancário.
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