Plutarch. On envy and hate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25187/codex.v13i1.68023Keywords:
Plutarch, Moralia, Envy, Hate, FriendshipAbstract
Abstract: This is the translation of On envy and hate, a brief treatise written around the second half of the 1st century AD, aimed at reflecting on these two emotions, which Plutarch categorizes as passions. Along the eight chapters of this work, Plutarch equates envy with hate in the first chapter and then focuses on comparing them to highlight their differences in the subsequent ones. These passions are set within the context of friendship, which serves as the perfect stage for their interplay, allowing the effects of their interactions to be observed. This treatise appears to follow reflections already found in other Plutarch’s works with an Aristotelian bent, such as On Having Many Friends, How to distinguish a flatterer from a friend, and How to Profit from Your Enemies. The initial part of the text, where Plutarch discusses envy, is evidently mutilated, but his perspective on it can still be understood through the contrast established with hate in what is considered the second part of this treatise.
Keywords: Plutarch; Moralia; Envy; Hate; Friendship.
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