THE COMMODITY-FINANCE NEXUS: TWIN BOOM AND DOUBLE WHAMMY // O NEXO ENTRE COMMODITIES E FINANÇAS: CRESCIMENTOS GÊMEOS E GOLPE DUPLO
Keywords:
commodity prices, capital flows, boom-bust cycles //Abstract
ABSTRACT: International commodity prices and capital inflows to developing countries are increasingly synchronized, subjecting commodity-dependent economies to double boom-bust cycles. On the one hand, there are a number of common monetary factors, notably international interest rates and the exchange rate of the dollar that influence commodity prices and capital inflows in the same direction. On the other hand, commodity prices and capital inflows reinforce each other through their influence on economic activity in developing countries. Capital inflows move pro-cyclically with commodity prices, aggravating both positive and negative external trade shocks. This synchronization has greatly heightened the vulnerability of commodity-dependent developing economies to global boom-bust cycles.
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RESUMO: Os preços internacionais de commodities e a entrada de capital nos países em desenvolvimento estão cada vez mais sincronizados, sujeitando as economias dependentes de commodities a dobrar os ciclos de expansão e queda. Por um lado, exis- tem vários fatores monetários comuns, notadamente as taxas de juros internacionais e a taxa de câmbio do dólar, que influenciam os preços das commodities e as entradas de capital na mesma direção. Por outro lado, os preços das commodities e as entradas de capital se reforçam mutuamente, influenciando a atividade econômica nos países em desenvolvimento. As entradas de capital se movem pró-ciclicamente com os preços das commodities, agravando choques positivos e negativos no comércio externo. Essa sincronização aumentou bastante a vulnerabilidade das economias em desenvolvimento dependentes de commodities aos ciclos globais de expansão e quebra.
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