COMPORTAMENTO DOS BANCOS E CICLO DE CRÉDITO NO BRASIL EM 2003-2016: UMA ANÁLISE PÓS-KEYNESIANA DA PREFERÊNCIA PELA LIQUIDEZ // BANK BEHAVIOR AND CYCLE OF CREDIT IN BRAZIL IN 2003-2016: A LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE’S POST-KEYNESIAN APPROACH
Keywords:
setor bancário, crédito, teoria pós-keynesiana // banking sector, credit, Post-Keynesian theoryAbstract
RESUMO: Este artigo analisa o comportamento do setor bancário no ciclo recente de crédito no Brasil (2003-2016), caraterizado pelo boom e a desaceleração, a partir da abordagem pós-keynesiana de preferência pela liquidez desenvolvida por Keynes e Cardim de Carvalho e da hipótese de fragilidade financeira de Minsky. Sustenta-se que o comportamento dos bancos e o ciclo de crédito seguiram, grosso modo, o padrão estabelecido por essa teoria. Contudo, a aplicação dessa abordagem à realidade dos bancos no Brasil impõe que se levem em conta especificidades institucionais e macroeconômicas que desempenharam um papel destacado no período analisado, tais como inovações financeiras, spreads elevados, existência de um circuito de overnight e importância dos bancos públicos.
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ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the behavior of the banking sector in the recent cycle of credit in Brazil (2003-2016), boom and bust, taking as a starting point, the post-Keynesian liquidity preference approach developed by Keynes and Cardim de Carvalho and Minsky’s financial fragility hypothesis. It argues that the behavior of banks and the credit cycle broadly followed the pattern established by this theory. However, the application of this approach to the reality of banks in Brazil requires taking into account institutional and macroeconomic specificities that played a major role in the analyzed period, such as financial innovations, high spreads, the presence of an overnight circuit, and the importance of state-owned banks.
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