REGULAÇÃO BANCÁRIA: UMA ANÁLISE DE SUA DINÂMICA POR OCASIÃO DOS DEZ ANOS DA CRISE FINANCEIRA GLOBAL // BANKING REGULATION: AN ANALYSIS OF ITS DYNAMICS BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISES
Keywords:
bancos, sistema bancário, riscos bancários, regulação bancária, crise financeira global // banks, banking system, banking risks, banking regulation, global financial crisisAbstract
RESUMO: O presente artigo procura refletir sobre a dinâmica da regulação financeira internacional – bancária, em especial. O ensejo para a reflexão são os dez anos da crise financeira global. Para tal, parte de uma análise conceitual sobre bancos, sistemas bancários, riscos e regulação, apontando que o movimento regulatório precisa ser pensado num contexto amplo, que leve em consideração diferentes estágios do capitalismo. Na sequência, procura analisar os impactos da crise sobre a regulação bancária. Isto posto, o que se observa, em geral, é um movimento pendular, oscilando entre momentos em que a regulação proposta é mais pró-mercado e momentos nos quais ela impõe um conjunto mais importante de barreiras e interdições. Ademais, independentemente do “regime regulatório” do qual se parta, o que se observa é que a dinâmica concorrencial tende a corroer endogenamente o aparato regulador vigente, redefinindo-o na direção da criação de maior fragilidade financeira.
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SUMMARY: This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of financial regulation – mainly banking regulation – on an international level. It takes the 10th anniversary of the Global Financial Crises as an opportunity for this reflection. To do that, the first step is a conceptual analysis of banks, banking systems, risks, and regulation, pointing out that the swings on regulation have to be understood in a broader context, which takes into consideration the different stages of capitalism. Following that, the paper tries to assess the impacts of the GFC on banking regulation. That said, one can notice that regulation moves like a pendulum, swinging from a more pro-market framework to another in which the regulation imposes more barriers to the functioning of banks. Besides, the paper points out that, no matter from where you depart in terms of a more or less pro market regulation, competition among banks will pressure the regulatory framework, leading to a less regulated and more fragile environment.
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