As Origens Coloniais das Ciências Econômicas

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54833/issn2764-104X.v4i2p195-204

Palavras-chave:

Desenvolvimento econõmico, nova economia institucional, Eurocentrismo, colonialismo, desenvolvimento desigual

Resumo

O Prêmio Nobel de Ciências Econômicas de 2024 foi concedido a Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson e James Robinson. Um dos principais insights de seus trabalhos é que as “origens coloniais do desenvolvimento comparativo” são fundamentais para entender as diferenças de prosperidade (Acemoglu et al., 2001). Embora celebrado como uma “virada colonial” na economia (Ince, 2022), examinamos criticamente as bases teóricas e a estratégia empírica desses autores, situando-as no problema mais amplo do eurocentrismo na economia, que analisamos em profundidade. Destacamos três formas pelas quais eles reforçam o eurocentrismo e uma visão colonial do mundo: primeiro, eles negligenciam a natureza global do desenvolvimento do capitalismo, que simultaneamente produz tanto desenvolvimento quanto subdesenvolvimento; segundo, ignoram o processo violento e desigual por meio do qual as instituições capitalistas – ou, como eles as chamam, instituições inclusivas – foram estabelecidas globalmente; e, por fim, tendem a reduzir as questões institucionais a uma visão despolitizada do desenvolvimento capitalista. Notavelmente, apesar de sua tentativa de integrar história e colonialismo, o arcabouço teórico dos autores permanece ahistórico e eurocêntrico.

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Biografia do Autor

Surbhi Kesar, SOAS University of London

Professora do Departamento de Economia (Department of Economics), SOAS University of London

Devika Dutt, King’s College London

Professora do Departamento de Desenvolvimento Internacional (Department of International Development, DID), King’s College London. 

 

 

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Publicado

2025-09-30