THE RIGHT TO SELF-DETERMINATION OF PEOPLES: FROM CLASSICAL CONCEPTION TO MODERN SELF-DETERMINATION
Palavras-chave:
Autonomy, Democracy, Independence, Self-Determination, Secession, StatehoodResumo
Abstract: In recent times, international practice has provided new cases of decolonization, but also of mutually agreed secessions with a previous independence referendum, as well as violent ruptures. Although the unilateral secessions are not well received by the international community, they are not only possible, but they have been favored by the ICJ’s Advisory Opinion on the Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo. This paper analyzes new cases involving the right to self-determination, to later try to identify new holders of the right to self-determination in the light of modern international practice. It focuses on the “wide self-determination” approach, the so-called “modern self-determination”, whose holders are not “peoples under colonial rule, foreign domination and alien subjugation”.
Resumo: Nos últimos tempos, a prática internacional forneceu novos casos de descolonização, mas também de secessão mutuamente acordada, com um devido referendo de independência, além de rupturas violentas. Embora as secessões unilaterais não sejam bem recebidas pela comunidade internacional, elas não são apenas possíveis, mas foram favorecidas pela Opinião Consultiva do CIJ sobre a legalidade da declaração de independência realizada pelas Instituições Provisionais de Auto-Governo de Kosovo. Este artigo analisa novos casos envolvendo o direito à autodeterminação, para posteriormente tentar identificar novos detentores do princípio da autodeterminação à luz da prática internacional moderna. Ele se concentra na concepção ampla do princípio, a chamada “autodeterminação moderna”, cujos detentores não são povos sob dominação colonial ou estrangeira.
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