NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF LOW RAINFALL LEVELS ON FRUIT RIPENING OF Miconia calvescens DC. (MELASTOMATACEAE JUSS.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2020.2401.16Keywords:
Atlantic forest, fruiting, phenology, water stressAbstract
Fruit ripening is the stage that most demands water. Here we report the negative influence of a shortage of water on the ripening of Miconia calvescens (Myrtales, Melastomataceae) fruits. In 2014 rainfall levels in Ilha Grande, municipality of Angra dos Reis, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were low in comparison with the historical means (2003-2013), leading to dry-season conditions during the peak of the wet season. The low rainfall levels may have caused the abortion of the first unripe fruit crop. Fruit development and ripening started again by the increase of the rainfall levels. The results indicate that water stress is a limiting factor for fruit ripening in this species, given that its fruits have high water content.References
Alho, C. J. R., Schneider, M., & Vasconcellos, L. A. S. 2002. Degree of threat to the biological diversity in the Ilha Grande State Park (RJ) and guidelines for conservation. Brazilian Journal of Biology 62(3), 375-385. DOI: 10.1590/S1519-69842002000300001
Allenspach, N., Telles, M., & Dias, M. M. 2012. Phenology and frugivory by birds on Miconia ligustroides (Melastomataceae) in a fragment of Cerrado, southeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 72(4), 859-864. DOI: 10.1071/BT03098
Borges, M. R. 2010. Oferta de frutos e frugivoria por aves, em espécies do gênero Miconia Ruiz & Pav. (Melastomataceae) em duas áreas do Cerrado. Master thesis. Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. p. 85.
Calle, Z., Schlumpberger, B. O., Piedrahita, L., Leftin, A., Hammer, S. A., Tye, A., & Borchert, R. 2010. Seasonal variation in daily insolation induces synchronous bud break and flowering in the tropics. Trees Structure and Function, 24(5), 865-877. DOI: 10.1007/s00468-010-0456-3
Carpentieri-Pípolo, V., Neves, C. S. V. J., Bruel, D. C., Souza, S. G. H., & Garbúglio, D. D. 2008. Frutificação e desenvolvimento de frutos de aceroleira no Norte do Paraná. Ciência Rural, 38(7), 1871-1876. DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782008000700011
Chambers, L. E., Altwegg, R., Barbraud, C., Barnard, P., Beaumont, L. J., Crawford, R. J., & Morellato, P. C. 2013. Phenological changes in the southern hemisphere. PloS One, 8(10), e75514. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075514
Chapman, C. A., Chapman, L. J., Wangham, R., Hunt, K., Gebo, D., & Gardner, L. 1992. Estimators of fruit abundance of Tropical trees. Biotropica, 24(4), 527-531. DOI: 10.2307/2389015
Cunha, L. L. T., Lucena, E. M. P., & Bonilla, O. H. 2016. Exigências térmicas da floração à frutificação de espécies de Myrtaceae em ambiente de Restinga. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Fisica, 9(3), 707-721
des Gachons, C. P., Leeuwen, C. V., Tominaga, T., Soyer, J. P., Gaudillère, J. P., & Dubourdieu, D. 2005. Influence of water and nitrogen deficit on fruit ripening and aroma potential of Vitis vinifera L cv Sauvignon blanc in field conditions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85(1), 73-85. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.1919
Ferraz, D. K., Artes, R., Mantovani, W., & Magalhães, L. M. 1999. Fenologia de árvores em fragmento de mata em São Paulo, SP. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 59(2), 305-317. DOI: 10.1590/S0034-71081999000200013
Fournier, L. A. 1974. Un método cuantitativo para la medición de características fenológicas en árboles. Turrialba, 24(4), 422-423
Goldenberg, R., Almeda, F., Caddah, M. K., Martins, A. B., Meirelles, J., Michelangeli, F. A., & Weiss, M. 2013. Nomenclator botanicus for the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa, 106(1), 1-171. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.106.1.1
Marcelis, L. F. M., Heuvelink, E., Baan Hofman-Eijer, L. R., Den Bakker, J., & Xue, L. B. 2004. Flower and fruit abortion in sweet pepper in relation to source and sink strength. Journal of experimental Botany, 55(406), 2261-2268. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erh245
Marques, M. C. M., Roper, J. J., & Salvalaggio, A. P. B. 2004. Phenological patterns among plant life forms in a Subtropical Forest in Southern Brazil. Plant Ecology, 173(2), 203-213. DOI: 10.1023/B:VEGE. 0000029325.85031.90
Martins, S. V., & Silva, D. D. 1997. Maturação e época de colheita de sementes de Dalbergia nigra. Revista Brasileira de Sementes, 19(1), 96-99.
Maruyama, P. K., Alves-Silva, E., & Melo, C. 2007. Oferta qualitativa e quantitativa de frutos em espécies ornitocóricas do gênero Miconia (Melastomataceae). Revista Brasileira de Biociências, 5(1), 672-674
Meyer, J. Y., & Florence, J. 1996. Tahiti’s native flora endangered by the invasion of Miconia calvescens DC. (Melastomataceae). Journal of Biogeography, 23(6), 775-78.
Meyer, J. Y. 1998 Observations on the reproductive biology of Miconia calvescens DC (Melastomataceae), an alien invasive tree on the island of Tahiti (South Pacific Ocean). Biotropica, 30(4), 609-624. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.1998.tb00101.x
Morellato, L. P. C., Camargo, M. G. G., & Gressler, E. 2013. A review of plant phenology in South and Central America. pp. 91-113. In: M. D. Schwartz (Ed.), Phenology: an integrative environmental science. Dordrecht: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6925-0_6
Morellato, L. P. C., Alberton, B., Alvarado, S. T., Borges, B., Buisson, E., Camargo, M. G. G., & Mendoza, I. 2016. Linking plant phenology to conservation biology. Biological Conservation, 195, 60-72. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.033
Pezzopane, J. R. M., Pedro-Júnior, M. J., Camargo, M. B. P., & Fazuoli, L. C. 2008. Exigência térmica do café arábica cv. mundo novo no subperíodo florescimento-colheita. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 32(6), 1781-1786. DOI: 10.1590/S1413-70542008000600016
Rosemartin, A. H., Crimmins, T. M., & Enquist, C. A. F. 2014. Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation. Biological Conservation, 173, 90-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.003
Snow, D. W. 1965. A possible selective factor in the evolution of fruiting seasons in Tropical Forests. Oikos, 15(2), 274-281. DOI: 10.2307/3565124
Talora, D. C., & Morellato, P. C. 2000. Fenologia de espécies arbóreas em floresta de planície litorânea do sudeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Botanica, 23(1), 13-26. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84042000000100002
Van der Sleen, P., Groenendijk, P., Vlam, M., Anten, N. P. R., Boom, A., Bongers, F., Pons, T. L., Terburg, G., & Zuidema, P. A. 2015. No growth stimulation of tropical trees by 150 years of CO2 fertilization but water-use efficiency increased. Nature Geoscience, 8(1), 24-28. DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2313
