Diversity of Arboreal Species in House Gardens on Saracá Island, Limoeiro do Ajuru Municipality, Pará State

Abstract

This study has the objective of evaluating the floristic composition, richness and diversity of arboreal species present in agro-forestry gardens located in floodplain areas located nearby the houses of riverine families. Fifteen such areas were selected for study on Saracá Island, located in Limoeiro de Ajuru Muncipality (Pará State). A botanical inventory was undertaken in guided walks by the local population cataloging and counting individuals from the different species present on the floodplain. Shannon Wiener’s diversity index and Pielou’s equability index were applied and phyto-sociological parameter analysis of frequency and diversity was made. Samples were taken from 4,300 individuals, embracing 40 species, distributed in 37 genders and 23 botanical families, with Arecaceae, Fabaceae and Myrtaceae predominating. Most species are of spontaneous native origin. The most frequently encountered arboreal species with the highest density was açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), which produces fruit that is important for the income of local families.