Controlling mothers, insecure daughters: parental style and adult attachment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36482/1809-5267.ARBP2021v73i3p.189-203Resumen
There is a proven relationship between adult attachment and parental style, yet the use of Life History Theory, in a “majority of the world” country, with advanced statistical analysis, can bring new results. In view of this, the objective of this study was to identify and relate the perceived parental style of 150 Brazilian women aged 18-45 years. The Relationship Style Scale and the Parental Bonding Instrument were used. Attachment security ranged from 48.0% to 67.9%, which exposes the impact of the type of statistical analysis. Analyses of structural equation models revealed that the maternal control dimension was more important to the attachment style of women, while paternal care and control were both relevant. Life History Theory can
explain this result through the influence of maternal control on changes in female development, which are due to different parental investment, which influences sexual strategy.
Citas
Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. N. (2015). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. New York: Taylor & Francis.
Belsky, J., Steinberg, L. D., & Draper, P. (1991). Childhood experience, interpersonal development, and reproductive strategy: An evolutionary theory of socialization. Child Development, 62(4), 647-670. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131166
Belsky, J., Steinberg, L. D., Houts, R. M., Friedman, S. L., DeHart, G., Cauffman, E. et al. (2007). Family rearing antecedents of pubertal timing. Child Development, 78(4), 1302-1321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01067.x
Bjorklund, D. F., & Blasi, H. (2005). Evolutionary developmental psychology. In D. M. Buss (Ed.), The handbook of evolutionary psychology (pp. 828-850). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Bjorklund, D. F., & Pellegrini, A. D. (2002). Interactions, relationships and groups. In A. D. Pellegrini (Eds.), The origins of human nature: Evolutionary developmental psychology (pp. 261-295). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Bourne, K., Berry, K., & Jones, L. (2014). The relationships between psychological mindedness, parental bonding and adult attachment. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 87(2), 167-177. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12007
Bussab, V. M. R., & Otta, E. (in press). Escala de estilo de relacionamento (Collins e Read Adult Scale, Trad.).
Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(4), 644- 663. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.58.4.644
Del Giudice, M. (2016). The life history model of psychopathology explains the structure of psychiatric disorders and the emergence of the p factor: A simulation study. Clinical Psychological Science, 4(2), 299-311. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/2167702615583628
Del Giudice, M., Gangestad, S. W., & Kaplan, H. S. (2015). Life history theory and evolutionary psychology. In D. M. Buss (Ed.), The handbook of evolutionary psychology (pp. 88-114). New York: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119125563.evpsych102
Dinero, R. E., Conger, R. D., Shaver, P. R., Widaman, K. F., & Larsen-Rife, D. (2008). Influence of family of origin and adult romantic partners on romantic attachment security. Journal of Family Psychology, 22(4), 622-632. https://doi.org/10.1037/ a0012506.
Ferreira, J. H. B. P. (2009). Sócio-sexualidade e desconto do futuro: Mecanismo de alocação de investimentos e tomada de decisão (Dissertação de Mestrado). Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Figueiredo, A., Patch, E., & Ceballos, C. (2015) A life history approach to the dynamics of social selection. In Zeigler-Hill V., Welling L., & Shackelford T. (Eds.), Evolutionary perspectives on social psychology: Evolutionary psychology (pp.363-372). Cham: Springer.
Frias, M. T., Shaver, P. R., & Mikulincer, M. (2015). Measures of adult attachment and related constructs. In G. J. Boyle, D. H. Saklofske, & G. Matthews (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-6). London: Academic.
Hauck, S., Schestatsky, S., Terra, L., Knijnik, L., Sanchez, P., & Ceitlin, L. H. F. (2006). Adaptação transcultural para o português brasileiro do parental bonding instrument (PBI). Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul, 28(2), 162-168. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81082006000200008
Hinnen, C., Sanderman, R., & Sprangers, M. A. G. (2008). Adult attachment as mediator between recollections of childhood and satisfaction with life. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 16(1), 10-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.600
Hurst, J. & Kavanagh, P. S. (2017). Life history strategies and psychopathology: The faster the life strategies, the more symptoms of psychopathology. Evolution & Human Behavior, 38(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2016.06.001
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2001). Sinopse preliminar do censo demográfico de 2000 (vol. 7). Rio de Janeiro: o autor. Recuperado de https://ww2.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/sinopse_preliminar/Censo 2000sinopse.pdf
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2009). Síntese de indicadores sociais: Uma análise das condições de vida da população brasileira (Estudos & Pesquisas 26). Rio de Janeiro: o autor. Recuperado de https://www.nescon.medicina.ufmg.br/biblioteca/imagem/4421.pdf
Kagitcibasi, C. (2012). Sociocultural change and integrative syntheses in human development: autonomous-related self and social–cognitive competence. Child Development Perspectives, 6(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750- 8606.2011.00173.x
Kokkinos, C. M. (2013). Bullying and victimization in early adolescence: Associations with attachment style and perceived parenting. Journal of School Violence, 12(2), 174-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2013.766134
Lei, P. W., & Wu, Q. (2007). Introduction to structural equation modeling: Issues and practical considerations. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 26(3), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.2007.00099.x
Lopez, F. G., Melendez, M. C. & Rice, K. G. (2000). Parental divorce, parent–child bonds, and adult attachment orientations among college students: A comparison of three racial/ethnic groups. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(2), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.47.2.177
Lordelo, E. (2009). Fatores bio-ecológicos e culturais na concepção e organização do cuidado à criança (Relatório de Pesquisa). Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Lordelo, E., Seidl-de-Moura, M. L., Vieira, M. L., Bussab, V. S. R., Oliva, A. D., Tokumaru, R.S. et al. (2011). Ambiente de desenvolvimento e início da vida reprodutiva em mulheres brasileiras. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 24(1), 116-125. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722011000100014
Manassis, K., Owens, M., Adam, K. S., West, M., & Sheldon-Keller, A. E. (1999). Assessing attachment: Convergent validity of the adult attachment interview and the parental bonding instrument. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 33(4), 559-567. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00560.x
Mayseless, O., Danieli, R., & Sharabany, R. (1996). Adults’ attachment patterns: Coping with separations. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 25(5), 667-690. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01537360
McDermott, M. R., & Barik, N. B. (2014). Developmental antecedents of proactive and reactive rebelliousness: The role of parenting style, childhood adversity, and attachment. Journal of Motivation, Emotion, and Personality, 2(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.12689/jmep.2014.203
Melhado, T. T. (2004). Medidas de ajuste de modelos de equações estruturais (Dissertação de Mestrado). Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Oliva, A. D., Vieira, M. L., Mendes, D. M. F., & Martins, G. D. F. (2017). Aspectos biológicos e culturais sobre desenvolvimento infantil e cuidados parentais. In M. L. Vieira, & A. D. Oliva, (Eds), Evolução, cultura e comportamento humano (pp. 159-219). Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Recuperado de http://nuppe.ufsc.br/files/2017/03/LIVRO-Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o-Cultura- e-Comportamento-Humano.pdf
Ong, M. Y., Eilander, J., Saw, S. M., Xie, Y., Meaney, M. J., & Broekman, B. F. P. (2018). The influence of perceived parenting styles on socio-emotional development from pre-puberty into puberty. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-1016-9
Overbeek, G., Have, M., Vollebergh, W., & de Graaf, R. (2007). Parental lack of care and overprotection: longitudinal associations with DSM-III-R disorders. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 42(2), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0115-6
Pagnotta, M., & Resende, B. D. (2013). A controvérsia em torno da atribuição de cultura a animais não humanos: uma revisão crítica. Estudos de Psicologia, 18(4), 569-577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0115-610.1590/S1413-294X2013000400004
Parker, G. (in press). Parental bonding instrument. Recuperado de http://www. blackdoginstitute.org.au; accessed February 24, 2014.
Pilati, R., & Laros, J. A. (2007). Modelos de equação estrutural em psicologia: Conceitos e aplicações. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 23(2), 205-216. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-37722007000200011
Salguero-Gómez, R., Jones, O.R., Jongejans, E., Blomberg, S.P., Hodgson, D.J., Mbaeu-Ache, C. et al. (2016). Fast–slow continuum and reproductive strategies structure plant life-history variation worldwide. PNAS, 113(1), 230-235. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506215112
Sarstedt, M. & Mooi, E. (2014). Cluster Analysis. In M. Sarstedt, & E. Mooi (Org.), A concise guide to market research: The process, data, and methods using IBM SPSS statistics (pp. 273-324, Springer texts in business and economics). Berlin: Springer.
Schmitt, D. P., Alcalay, L., Allensworth, M., Allik, J., Ault, L., Austers, I. et al. (2004). Patterns and universals of adult romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions: Are models of self and of other pancultural constructs? Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35(4), 367-402. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022104266105
Segall, M. H., Lonner, W. J. & Berry, J. W. (1998). Cross-cultural psychology as a scholarly discipline: On the flowering of culture in behavioral research. American Psychologist, 53(10), 1101-1110. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.53.10.1101
Seidl-de-Moura, M. L., Carvalho, R. V. C. & Vieira, M. L. (2013). Brazilian mothers’ cultural models: Socialization for autonomy and relatedness. In M. L. Seidl-de-Moura (Ed.), Parenting in South America and African contexts (pp. 1-15). London: InTechOpen.
Silva, G. A. (2008). Estudo longitudinal sobre prevalência e fatores de risco para depressão pós-parto em mães de baixa renda (Dissertação de Mestrado). Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Simons, L. G., Sutton, T. E., Simons, R. L., Gibbons, F. X., & Murry, V. M. (2015). mechanisms that link parenting practices to adolescents’ risky sexual behavior: A test of six competing theories. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(2), 255-270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0409-7
Spada, M. M., Caselli, G., Manfredi, C., Rebecchi, D., Rovetto, F., Ruggiero, G. M. et al. (2011). Parental overprotection and metacognitions as predictors of worry and anxiety. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 40(3), 287-296. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135246581100021X
Sroufe, L. A. & Waters, E. (2017). Attachment as an organizational construct. In B. Laursen, & R. Zukauskiene (Ed.), Interpersonal development (pp. 1184-1199). London: Routledge.
Terra, L., Hauck, S., Fillipon, A.P., Sanchez, P., Hirakata, V., Schestatsky, S. et al. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis of the parental bonding instrument in a brazilian female population. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 43(4), 348-354. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048670902721053
Timpano, K. R., Carbonella, J. Y., Keough, M. E., Abramowitz, J., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015). Anxiety sensitivity: An examination of the relationship with authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive parental styles. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29(2), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.29.2.95
Van Ijzendoorn, M. H., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (2010). Stretched until it snaps: Attachment and close relationships. Child Development Perspectives, 4(2), 109-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2010.00127.x
Wilhelm, K., Gillis, I., & Parker, G. (2016). Parental bonding and adult attachment style: The relationship between four category models. International Journal of Women’s Health and Wellness, 2(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-1353/1510016
Xu, M. K., Morin, A. J. S., Marsh, H. W., Richards, M., & Jones, P. B. (2016). Psychometric validation of the parental bonding instrument in a UK population–based sample: Role of gender and association with mental health in mid-late life. Assessement, 25(6), 716-728. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191116660813
Zaman, W., & Fivush, R. (2013). Stories of parents and self: Relations to adolescent attachment. Developmental Psychology, 49(11), 2047-2056. https://doi.org/10.1037/ a0032023
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
La aprobación de los textos implica a cesión inmediata y sin encargos de los derechos de publicación en la Revista Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, que tendrá la exclusividad de publicarlos por primera. El autor continuará, no obstante, a detener los derechos autorales para publicaciones posteriores. En el caso de nueva publicación de los artículos en otros vehículos, se recomienda la mención a la primera publicación en Arquivos Brasileros de Psicologia.
Derechos Autorales para artículos publicados en esta revista son del autor, con derechos a primera publicación en la revista. En virtud de parecer en esta revista de acceso público, los artículos son de acceso gratuito, en aplicaciones educacionales y no comerciales.
Reprodución parcial de otras publicaciones
Manuscritos sometidos que contengan partes de texto extraídas de otras publicaciones deberán obedecer a los límites especificados para garantizar originalidad del trabajo sometido. Se recomienda evitar la reproducción de figuras, tablas y dibujos extraídos de otras publicaciones.
El manuscrito que contener reproducción de una o más figuras, tablas y dibujos extraídos de otras publicaciones sólo será encaminada para análisis si acompañado de permiso escrita del detentor del derecho autoral del trabajo original para la reproducción especificada en Arquivos Brasileros de Psicologia. El permiso debe ser direccionado al autor del trabajo sometido. En ninguna circunstancia Arquivos Brasileros de Psicologia y los autores de los trabajos publicados en esta Revista harán un repaso de los derechos obtenidos.
