Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55747/bjedis.v3i1.57177Keywords:
LIBS, DP-LIBS, Response surface methodology, Experimental design, Factorial designs, Optimization, Soil.Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a modern analytical technique that is capable of fast, multi-elemental, lowcost and environmental friendly analysis, which does not require complex sample preparation. Albeit its potential, LIBS analysis still presents many limitations in terms of sensitivity and reproducibility, especially when analyzing complex matrices such as of sediments and soil samples. In order to reduce these matrix related effects, it is highly recommended that the system temporal parameters, which are responsible for controlling plasma evolution and signal collection, are optimized beforehand. In this work, we proposed the design of experiments (DOE) tool – specifically, the response surface methodology (RSM) – as an approach to optimize LIBS’s most important parameters (delay-time, interpulse delay, gate width and accumulated pulse). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the emission lines for Zn, Cd, Mg, Al, Ni, Cu, Ca, Cr, Sr, Fe were the response variable assessed during the procedure. The results showed that the RSM was an effective optimization tool for LIBS parameters and the final condition improved SNR ratios by up to a 48 ratio, when comparing to the not-optimal conditions.References
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We at this moment declare that the present paper is our original work and has not been previously considered, either in whole or in part, for publication elsewhere. Besides, we warrant the authors will not submit this paper for publication in any other journal. We also guarantee that this article is free of plagiarism and that any accusation of plagiarism will be the authors' sole responsibility. The undersigned transfer all copyrights to the present paper (including without limitation the right to publish the work in any and all forms) to BJEDIS, understanding that neglecting this agreement will submit the violator to undertake the legal actions provided in the Law on Copyright and Neighboring Rights (No. 9610 of February 19, 1998). Also, we, the authors, declare no conflict of interest. Finally, all funders were cited in the acknowledgments section.
