The Importance of Viscosity Analysis in Biodiesel

Abstract

One of the primary motivations for studying biofuels is to meet global energy needs. Biodiesel, as a promising renewable energy source, has the potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels if implemented effectively. It is derived from chemical reactions (transesterification) in vegetable oils or animal fats, facilitated by a catalyst that accelerates the reaction. Currently, industrial processes employed by biodiesel plants predominantly utilize homogeneous catalysts. However, heterogeneous catalysts are emerging as promising alternatives in biodiesel production, distinguished by their environmentally friendly nature and the ability to regenerate and be reused. This study aims to investigate the viscosity of biodiesel through the methylic route, employing geopolymers with added magnetic nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst. Kinematic viscosity measurements of biofuels were conducted to assess their impact on combustion efficiency and engine performance. The results obtained indicate that the values fall within the parameters established by the National Petroleum Agency (ANP).