EL ROL DE LOS COMPUESTOS ORGÁNICOS VOLÁTILES FLORALES EN LAS INTERACCIONES PLANTA-INSECTO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2018.2204.02Palavras-chave:
dishonest signal, floral VOCs, herbivores, honest signal, pollinatorsResumo
Los compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) producidos por plantas son productos secundarios de su metabolismo y están involucrados en una gran variedad de funciones ecológicas. Cuando presentes en las flores, los perfiles de los COVs no sólo están asociados con mutualismos, como la polinización, sino también con procesos antagónicos, como la herbivoría o las señales deshonestas. Su presencia, perfiles y concentraciones en las flores están bajo selección mediada por el compromiso entre supervivencia y reproducción de las plantas, es decir por las interacciones antagonistas y mutualistas mediadas por los COVs. En las interacciones mutualistas, los COVs pueden actuar sinérgicamente con señales visuales asegurando la atención de los polinizadores durante períodos más largos y/o a mayores distancias. A pesar del papel fundamental de las fragancias florales en la biología reproductiva, se han realizado pocos estudios que aborden la evolución de este rasgo floral. Esta revisión destaca la importancia de los volátiles florales en las interacciones ecológicas, principalmente en las interacciones planta-insecto.
THE ROLE OF FLORAL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN PLANT-INSECT INTERACTIONS. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) produced by plants are secondary products of their metabolism and are related to a wide range of ecological functions. When present in flowers, VOCs profiles are not only associated with mutualisms such as pollination, but also to antagonistic processes such as herbivory or dishonest signaling. Their presence, profiles and concentrations in flowers are under selection mediated by the trade-off between survivorship and reproduction of plants, i.e. antagonist and mutualist interactions mediated by VOCs. In the mutualistic interactions, VOCs can act synergistically with visual signals ensuring the attention of pollinators for longer periods and/or distances. Despite the fundamental role of floral scents on the reproductive biology, few studies addressing the evolution of this floral trait have been reported. This review highlights the importance of floral volatiles on ecological interactions, mainly on plant-insect interactions.
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