ECOLOGIA DE PEIXES EM RIACHOS URBANOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2021.2502.22Palavras-chave:
Anthropogenic, City, Human ecology, Impact, Urban stream syndrome, Urban biotaResumo
O advento da agricultura e da domesticação animal influenciou a organização social das populações humanas tornando-as sedentárias, com elevado crescimento populacional e concentradas em centros urbanos. O processo de urbanização altera paisagens e modifica o uso e ocupação do solo, dando origem a ambientes urbanos em que a ação do homem define a estrutura, o funcionamento e a dinâmica. Apesar da crescente expansão urbanização, nós ainda sabemos muito pouco sobre seus efeitos ecológicos. Neste artigo, apresentamos o estado do conhecimento acerca dos efeitos da urbanização nos riachos e sua ictiofauna sob a ótica da biodiversidade aquática, suas interações ecológicas, adaptações bióticas e sua conservação. Também discutimos aspectos teóricos, abordagens e metodologias utilizadas para o estudo dos peixes em riachos urbanos. Os tópicos apresentados neste artigo têm o objetivo de introduzir ao leitor aspectos fundamentais da ecologia de peixes urbanos, bem como apresentar as principais abordagens com o intuito de fomentar o desenvolvimento de estudos futuros.
FISH ECOLOGY IN URBAN STREAMS. The development of agriculture allowed humans to congregate in settlements which developed into the modern urban societies. This urbanization process caused profound habitat changes, giving rise to urban ecosystems where the structure, functioning and the dynamics of the ecosystem are determined by human activities. Despite the increasing rates of urbanization worldwide, the ecology of urban ecosystems is poorly known. In this chapter, we focus on urban stream ecosystems to expose the current advances in urban fish ecology. We explore topics concerning urban fish biodiversity, ecological interactions and adaptation to urban systems. We also explore different approaches and methodologies for the study of urban fish. Our goal is to introduce the theoretical background and analytical tools to study urban fishes with the intent of facilitating future research.Referências
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