Reasoning with persuasive precedent: the role of persuasive authority in the law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21875/tjc.v1i2.8653Palabras clave:
Jurisprudence, Precedents, Persuasive Authority, Non-binding Precedents, Teoria do direito, Argumentação, Precedentes, Autoridade persuasiva, Precedentes não-vinculativosResumen
ABSTRACT:
This paper attempts to draw the attention to the role of persuasive authority in the law, by providing a critical review of Frederick Schauer's influential account of persuasive authorities as optional authorities. Although recognizing that Schauer highlights some important features of the notion, it is argued that, as long as his interpretation leaves no room for theoretical authority in the law, it fails to account properly for one of the main roles of persuasive authorities, namely, to provide future courts with reasons to distinguish their case from previous court's decisions. It is also suggested that persuasive authorities are best understood as theoretical authorities providing practical reasons. The article concludes with some final remarks on the consequences of the adopted view for our understanding of the law in general.
RESUMO:
Este artigo tenta chamar a atenção sobre o papel da autoridade persuasiva na lei, fornecendo uma revisão crítica da influente explicação de Frederick Schauer de autoridades persuasivas como autoridades opcionais. Embora reconhecendo que Schauer destaca algumas características importantes da noção, argumenta-se que, enquanto sua interpretação não deixa espaço para a autoridade teórica na lei, ela não leva em conta adequadamente um dos papéis principais das autoridades persuasivas, a saber, fornecer aos futuros tribunais razões para distinguir o seu caso das decisões dos tribunais anteriores. Sugere-se também que as autoridades persuasivas sejam melhor entendidas como autoridades teóricas fornecendo razões práticas. O artigo conclui com algumas observações finais sobre as conseqüências da visão adotada para nossa compreensão da lei em geral.
Citas
ALLEN, Carleton Kemp. Law in the Making. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964.
ATIYAH, P. S. Form and Substance in Legal Reasoning. In MACCORMICK, Neil; BIRKS, Peter (eds.), The Legal Mind. Essays for Tony Honoré. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.
BRONAUGH, Richard. Persuasive Precedent. In: GOLDSTEIN, Laurence (ed.), Precedent in Law, pp. 217-247. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987.
CHRISTODOULIDIS, Emilios. The Irrationality of Merciful Legal Judgement: Exclusionary Reasoning and the question of the particular. Law and Philosophy, vol. 18, pp. 215-241, 1999.
DUARTE D'ALMEIDA, Luíz; MICHELON, Cláudio. The Structure of Arguments by Analogy in Law. Argumentation, 2016.
FLANDERS, Chad. Toward a Theory of Persuasive Authority. Oklahoma Law Review, vol. 62, n. 55, pp. 55-88, 2009.
GLENN, H. Patrick. Persuasive Authority. McGill Law Journal, vol. 32, n. 2, pp. 261-298, 1987.
HART, H. L. A. Legal and Moral Obligation. In: MELDEN, Abraham Irving, Essays on Moral Philosophy. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1958.
HART, H. L. A. Essays on Bentham: Studies on Jurisprudence and Political Theory. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
HOFFMANN, Leonard. Fairchild in Retrospect. The Advocates Quarterly, vol. 39, n. 3, pp. 257-271, 2012.
HOFFMANN, Leonard. Fairchild and After. In: BURROWS, Andrew; JOHNSTON, David; ZIMMERMANN, Reinhard (eds.), Judge and Jurist: Essays in Memory of Lord Rodger of Earlsferry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
HOHFELD, Wesley Newcomb. Fundamental Legal Conceptions. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1966.
KAGAN, Shelly. The Limits of Morality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
LAMOND, Grant. Do Precedents Create Rules?. Legal Theory, vol 11, n. 1, pp. 1-26, 2005.
LAMOND, Grant. Persuasive Authority in the Law. The Harvard Review of Philosophy, n. XVII, pp. 16-35, 2010.
MARKWICK, Paul. Law and Content-Independent Reasons. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, vol. 20, n. 4, pp. 579-596, 2000.
MARKWICK, Paul. Independent of Content. Legal Theory, vol. 9, pp. 43-61, 2003.
MARMOR, Andrei. Authorities and Persons. Legal Theory, vol. 1, pp. 345-349, 1995.
MICHELON, Cláudio. Being Apart from Reasons. The Role of Reasons in Public and Private Moral Decision-Making. Springer, 2006.
RAZ, Joseph. The Authority of Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979.
RAZ, Joseph. Practical Reason and Norms. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990.
RAZ, Joseph, The Problem of Authority: Revisiting the Service Conception. Minnesota Law Review, vol. 90, pp. 1003-1044, 2006.
SCHAUER, Frederick. Playing by the Rules. A Philosophical Examination of Rule-Based Decision-Making in Law and in Life. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.
SCHAUER, Frederick. Critical Notice. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, vol. 24, n. 3, pp. 495-509, 1994.
SCHAUER, Frederick. Authority and Authorities. Virginia Law Review, n. 94, pp. 1931-1961, 2008.
SCHAUER, Frederick. Thinking Like a Lawyer. A New Introduction to Legal Reasoning. Cambridge, Massachusetts -- London, England: Harvard University Press, 2009.
SCIARAFFA, Stefan. On Content-Independent Reasons: It's not in the Name. Law and Philosophy, vol. 28, pp. 233-260, 2009.
SIMPSON, A. W. Brian. The ratio decidendi of a case and the doctrine of binding precedent. In: SIMPSON, A. W. Brian (ed.), Oxford essays in jurisprudence, pp. 148--175. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con las siguientes condiciones:
- Los autores mantienen los derechos de autor y conceden a la revista el derecho de primera publicación, estando el trabajo simultáneamente bajo la Licencia de Atribución de Creative Commons que permite compartir el trabajo con el reconocimiento de la autoría y la publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Los autores pueden asumir contratos adicionales por separado, para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del trabajo publicada en esta revista (por ejemplo, publicando en un repositorio institucional o como capítulo de un libro), con el reconocimiento de la autoría y la publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a publicar y distribuir su trabajo en línea (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o como página personal) en cualquier momento antes o durante el proceso editorial, ya que esto puede generar cambios productivos, así como aumentar el impacto y la citación del trabajo publicado (Véase El efecto del acceso abierto).
Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Brasil.