Climatologia do Índice do Potencial de Gênese de Ciclones Tropicais nos Oceanos Adjacentes à América do Sul

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11137/1982-3908_2021_44_39515

Keywords:

Índice do Potencial de Gênese, Ciclone Tropical, Climatologia

Abstract

Os oceanos tropicais/subtropicais adjacentes à América do Sul não são climatologicamente propícios à formação de ciclones tropicais de acordo com a literatura. Entretanto, desde 2004 já foram registrados dois ciclones tropicais no oceano Atlântico sudoeste e um subtropical que teve potencial para se tornar tropical. Locais propícios à gênese de ciclones tropicais podem ser identificados através do índice do potencial de gênese, que é uma metodologia desenvolvida pelo Dr. Kerry Emanuel e colaboradores. Diante disso, o objetivo do estudo é contribuir com o conhecimento climatológico de regiões propícias à gênese de ciclones tropicais nas cercanias da América do Sul usando o índice do potencial de gênese, bem como de outras variáveis atmosféricas e oceânicas importantes para a ciclogênese. Para tanto, são utilizados dados do período de 1989 a 2019 da reanálise ERA5, que é considerada estado-da-arte em termos de reanálise. Os resultados apresentam a climatologia do índice do potencial de gênese bem como dos componentes desse índice e de outras variáveis atmosféricas e oceânicas que são importantes para o desenvolvimento de sistemas tropicais. O principal resultado obtido no estudo é a presença de potencial para a gênese de sistemas tropicais no oceano Atlântico ao longo da costa brasileira. Em outubro, surge um sinal fraco entre a costa da Bahia e Espírito Santo. Esse sinal se intensifica atingindo máxima intensidade entre fevereiro e março, quando também alcança a costa sul do Brasil. Portanto, a utilização de uma metodologia robusta aplicada em dados estado-da-arte desmistifica a hipótese da não existência de potencial para a gênese de ciclones tropicais na costa do Brasil.

Author Biographies

Bruna Andrelina, Universidade Federal de Itajubá

Instituto de Recursos Naturais

Michelle Simões Reboita, Universidade Federal de Itajubá

Instituto de Recursos Naturais

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Published

2021-03-19

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Section

Meteorology