BIRD ASSEMBLAGES AT THE SOUTHERN LIMIT OF THE BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO FOREST PHYSIOGNOMIES AT THE APARADOS DA SERRA NATIONAL PARK

Authors

  • Danielle Franco Universidade Federal do rio Grande do Sul
  • Maria João Ramos Pereira Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2019.2302.05

Keywords:

Bird assembly, functional diversity, taxonomic diversity, protected areas

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots harbouring at least 900 species of birds. Covering less than 7% of its original distribution, conservation strategies for this biome depend on information about diversity patterns and the mechanisms behind them. Here we evaluated the composition, richness, and taxonomic and functional diversity of the bird assemblage in two forest physiognomies, corresponding to two elevation ranges, at the southernmost federal protected area within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, the Aparados da Serra National Park. Birds were sampled with mist nets in two environments: Araucaria forest, at elevation ranging above 900 m a.s.l., and dense ombrophilous forest, at elevations between 0 and 200 m a.s.l.. We found no differences in species richness between the two environments but species composition was dissimilar, as revealed by ANOSIM. Also, dense ombrophilous forest was functionally richer, while Araucaria forest presented higher functional divergence. No dominance pattern was found in dense ombrophilous forest, while in Araucaria forest a few species dominated the assemblage. The evidence that the bird assemblages of the two forests are distinct both in terms of species composition and functionality indicates that the conservation and management of the bird communities at the two environments is fundamental for the maintenance of the Southern Atlantic Forest’s bird species pool.

References

Aleixo, A. 1999. Effects of selective logging on a bird community in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. The Condor, 101, 537–548. DOI: 10.2307/1370183

Backes, P., & Irlang, B. 2004. Mata Atlântica: as árvores e a paisagem. Porto Alegre: Editora Paisagem do Sul: p. 393.

Beja, P., Santos, C. D., Santana, J., Pereira, M. J., Marques, J. T., Queiroz, H. L., & Palmeirim, J. M. 2010. Seasonal patterns of spatial variation in understory bird assemblages across a mosaic of flooded and unflooded Amazonian forests. Biodiversity & Conservation, 19(1), 129. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-009-9711-6

Bencke, G. A., & Kindel, A. 1999. Bird counts along an altitudinal gradient of Atlantic Forest in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Ararajuba, 7, 91–107.

Brown, J. H., & Gibson, A. C. 1998. Biogeography. St. Louis, MO: The C. V. Mosby Company.

Casas, G., Darski, B., Ferreira P. M. A., & Müller S. C. 2016. Habitat structure influences the diversity, richness and composition of bird assemblages in successional Atlantic rain forests. Tropical Conservation Science, 9, 503–524. DOI: 10.1177/194008291600900126

Colwell, R. K., & Coddington, J. A. 1994. Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 345(1311), 101–118. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1994.0091

Del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D. A., & Juana, E. 2016. Handbook of the birds of the world alive. Barcelona: Lynx Editions.

Eisenberg, J. F. 1990. Neotropical mammal communities. In: A. H. Gentry. (Ed.), Four Neotropical Rainforests. pp. 358–368. Yale: Yale University Press.

Franchin, A. G., Oliveira, G. M., Melo, C., Tomé, C. E. R., & Junior, O. M. 2004. Avifauna do Campus Umuarama, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (Uberlândia, MG). Revista Brasileira de Zoociências, 6(2), 219–230.

Gallindo-leal, C. E., & Câmara, I. G. 2005. Mata Atlântica: biodiversidade, ameaças e perspectivas. Belo Horizonte: Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica and Conservação Internacional.

Gaston, K. J., & Blackburn, T. M. 1995. Mapping biodiversity using surrogates for species richness: macro-scales and New World birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 262, 335–341. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1995.0214

Gosler, A., 2004. Birds in the hand. Bird ecology and conservation: a handbook of techniques, 85–118.

Graeff, O. 2015. Fitogeografia do Brasil: bases e conceitos. NAU Editora.

Gray, J. S. 1987. Species-abundance patterns. In: J. H. R. Gee, & P. S. Giller (Eds.), Organization of communities - past and present. pp. 53–67. Oxoford, UK: Blackwell Science.

Hasenack, H., Cordeiro, J. L. P., & Both, R. 2009. Unidades de paisagem. Biodiversidade dos campos do planalto das araucárias. Brasília, DF: MMA.

Hawkins, B. A., Field, R., Cornell, H. V., Currie, D. J., Guegan, J. F., Kaufman, D. M., Kerr, J. T., Mittelbach, G. G., Oberdorff, T., & O’Brien, E. M. 2003. Energy, water, and broad-scale geographic patterns of species richness. Ecology, 84, 3105–3117. DOI: 10.1890/03-8006

Hilty, S. 2017. Black-goggled Tanager (Trichothraupis melanops). J. Del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, & E. Juana (Eds.), Handbook of the birds of the world alive. Barcelona: Lynx Editions. Retrieved on 20 January, 2017, from http://www.hbw.com/node/61610

Hilty S. 2017. Red-crowned Ant-tanager (Habia rubica). In: J. Del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, & E. Juana (Eds.), Handbook of the birds of the world alive. Barcelona: Lynx Editions. Retrieved on 20 January, 2017, from http://www.hbw.com/node/61836

IBAMA/MMA. 2004. Plano de manejo do Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra e Serra Geral. Brasília, DF: Ministério do Meio Ambiente.

Lagos, A. R., & Muller, B. L. A. 1994. Hotspot Brasileiro - Mata Atlântica. Saúde & Ambiente em Revista, 2(2), 35–45.

Laliberté, E., & Legendre, P. 2010. A distance-based framework for measuring functional diversity from multiple traits. Ecology, 91(1), 299–305. DOI: 10.1890/08-2244.1

Law, B. S., & Dickman, C. R. 1998. The use of habitat mosaics by terrestrial vertebrate fauna: implications for conservation and management. Biodiversity & Conservation, 7, 327–333. DOI: 10.1023/A:1008877611726

Marques, J. T., Ramos Pereira, M. J., Marques, T. A., Santos, C. D., Santana, J., Beja, P., & Palmeirim, J. M. 2013. Optimizing sampling design to deal with mist-net avoidance in Amazonian birds and bats. PLoS One, 8(9), e74505. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074505

Martin, T. E., Nightingale, J., Baddams, J., Monkhouse, J., Kaban, A., Sastranegara, H., & Simcox, W. 2017. Variability in the effectiveness of two ornithological survey methods between Tropical forest ecosystems. PloS one, 12(1), e0169786. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169786

MacArthur, R. H. 1957. On the relative abundance of bird species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 43(3), 293–295. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.43.3.293

Mendonça-Lima, A. 2012. Estrutura de habitat, diversidade e comportamento da avifauna em sistemas de silvicultura em Floresta Ombrófila Mista. Doctoral Thesis. Departamento de Ecologia da Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul. p. 149.

Motomura, I. 1932. A statistical treatment of ecological communities. Zoological Magazine, 44, 379–383.

Mouchet, M. A., Villéger, S. V., Mason, N. W. H., & Mouillot, D. 2010. Functional diversity measures: an overview of their redundancy and their ability to discriminate community assembly rules. Functional Ecology, 24(4), 867–876. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01695.x

Mouillot, D., Villéger, S., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., & Mason, N. W. 2011. Functional structure of biological communities predicts ecosystem multifunctionality. PloS one, 6(3), e17476. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017476

Nimer, E. 1979. Climatologia da região sul: Introdução à climatologia dinâmica - Subsídios à geografia regional do Brasil. Climatologia do Brasil, 3–65.

Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F. G., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., Minchin, P. R., O’Hara, R. B., Simpson, G. L, Solymos, P., Stevens, M. H. H., & Wagner, H. 2013. Package ‘vegan’ (http://cran. r-project.org, http://vegan.r-forge.r-project.org/). Available at: http://cran.r-project.org/.

Piacentini, V. D. Q., Aleixo, A., Agne, C. E. et al. 2015. Lista comentada das aves do Brasil pelo Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, 23(2), 91–298.

Pillar, V. D. P., & Lange, O. 2015. Os campos do Sul. Porto Alegre: Rede Campos Sulinos – UFRGS.

Preston, F. W. 1948. The commonness, and rarity, of species. Ecology, 29(3), 254–283. DOI: 10.2307/1930989

Reif, J., Stastny, K., & Bejcek, V. 2010. Contrasting effects of climatic and habitat changes on birds with northern range limits in central Europe as revealed by an analysis of breeding bird distribution in the Czech Republic. Acta Ornithologica, 45(1), 83–90. DOI: 10.3161/000164510X516128

Ricklefs, R. E. 1987. Community diversity: relative roles of local and regional processes. Science, 235(4785), 167–171. DOI: 10.1126/science.235.4785.167

Rising, J., & Jaramillo, A. 2017. Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis). In: J. Del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, & E. Juana (Eds.), Handbook of the birds of the world alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.

Smith, T. B., Kinnison, M. T., Strauss, S. Y., Fuller, T. L., & Carroll, S. P. 2014. Prescriptive evolution to conserve and manage biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 45, 1–22.

SOS Mata Atlantica, & INPE. 2014. Atlas of forest remnants of the Atlantic Forest 2013-2014. Retrieved on 10 April, 2016, from https://www.sosma.org.br/en/project/atlas-of-the-atlantic-forest-remains/

Villéger, S, Mason, N. W. H., & Mouillot, D. 2008. New multidimensional functional diversity indices for a multifaceted framework in functional ecology. Ecology, 89, 2290–2301. DOI: 10.1890/07-1206.1

Tóthmérész, B., 1995. Comparison of different methods for diversity ordering. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 283–290. DOI: 10.2307/3236223

Zipf, G. K. 1949. Human behavior and the principle of least effort. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesly: p. 573.

Published

2019-06-15