POPULATION ASPECTS AND RECRUITMENT OF Odontostilbe paraguayensis (CHARACIFORMES: CHARACIDAE) IN THE PARAGUAY RIVER, PANTANAL, BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2019.2304.24Palavras-chave:
Cheirodontinae, floodplain, growth, reproductive biologyResumo
Population dynamics allows comprehension on how population assures its success on continuity of the species and the balance of its population density. Thus, in order to analyze reproductive parameters (i.e., gonadal maturation stages, fecundity, and recruitment) and population aspects (i.e., length-weight frequency, asymptotic length, growth and mortality rates, and sex ratio) of Odontostilbe paraguayensis Eigenmann & Kennedy (1903) (Characiformes: Characidae) in the southern Pantanal of Brazil, samples were carried out from February 2009 to January 2011 along the main channel of the Paraguay River and its tributary, the Amonguijá River, with seine net and a rectangular sieve (0.8 x 1.2 m). To estimate population parameters, the data of 604 individuals were recorded, and for reproductive aspects, the data of 394 individuals were recorded. The sex ratio was 3:1 (females:males). The estimated asymptotic length (L∞) was 36.67 mm. The population had high growth rate values (k = 1.3 year-1) and mortality (Z = 1.98). Longevity was estimated as 2.3 years. The mean absolute fecundity was 420.2 oocytes/female. Absolute fecundity was positively related to total weight (g) and gonad weight (mg). For females, the standard length at first maturity (L50) was 24.1 mm, and for males, it was 27.6 mm. Reproducing females were more frequent in March and April, although females with ripe gonads were recorded nearly all year long. The recruitment pattern was long with positive correlation with the average historic level of the Paraguay River, considering seasonal flooding. The lengthweight relationships were not different between the sexes, but they presented negative allometric growth. Thus, during ontogeny, the species presents more increment in length than in weight, and, consistent with the high growth rate, this may be understood as a way to reach longer lengths faster to avoid predation. The outcomes demonstrate that O. paraguayensis has a short life cycle with high growth and mortality rates. Together with the long recruitment pattern and high fecundity, the species may be considered an r-strategist.
Referências
Azevedo, M. A., Malabarba, L. R., & Burns, J. R. 2010. Reproductive biology and development of gill glands in the inseminating characid, Macropsobrycon uruguayanae Eigenmann, 1915 (Cheirodontinae: Compsurini). Neotropical Ichthyology, 8(1), 87–96. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252010005000004
Bailly, D., Agostinho, A. A., & Suzuki, H. I. 2008. Influence of the flood regime on the reproduction of fish species with different reproductive strategies in the Cuiabá River, Upper Pantanal, Brazil. River Research and Applications, 24, 1218–1229. DOI: 10.1002/rra.1147
Barzotto, E., & Mateus, L. 2017. Reproductive biology of the migratory freshwater fish Salminus brasiliensis ( Cuvier , 1816 ) in the Cuiabá River basin , Brazil. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 33, 415–422. DOI: 10.1111/jai.13262
Benitez, R. S., & Súarez, Y. R. 2009. Biologia populacional de Serrapinus notomelas (Eingenmann, 1915) (Characiformes, Cheirodontinae) em um riacho de primeira ordem na bacia do rio Dourados, Alto Rio Paraná. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 4(3), 271–278.
Bertalanffy, L.V. 1938. A quantitative theory of organic growth. Human Biology, 10, 181–213.
Blanck, A., & Lamouroux, N. 2007. Large-scale intraspecific variation in life-history traits of European freshwater fish. Journal of Biogeography, 34, 862–875. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01654.x
Braga, F. M. S., Gomiero, L. M., & Souza, U. P. 2008. Aspectos da reprodução e alimentação de Neoplecostomus micros (Loricariidae, Neoplecostomidae) na microbacia do Ribeirão Grande, serra da Mantiqueira oriental (Estado de São Paulo). Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences, 30(4), 455–463. DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i4.301
Bührnheim, C. M., & Malabarba, L. R. 2006. Redescription of the type species of Odontostilbe Cope, 1870 (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae), and description of three new species from the Amazon basin. Neotropical Ichthyology, 4(2), 167– 196. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252006000200004
Close, P. G., Davies, P. M., & Trayler, K. 2010. Recruitment and growth of two small-bodied resident fish species (Gobiidae and Atherinidae) in oligohaline, seasonally open lagoons. Journal of Fish Biology, 76(1), 1431–1453. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02573.x
Costa, I. D., & Rocha, V. M. 2017. Feeding ecology of Serrapinnus notomelas (Characiformes: Cheirodontinae) in small forest streams in the Machado River basin, Rondônia, Brazil. Acta Amazônica, 47(1), 19–28. DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392201601944
Cunha, N. L., Catella, A. C., & Kinas, M. A. 2007. Growth parameters estimates for a small fish of the Pantanal, Brazil: Moenkhausia dichroura (Characiformes; Characidae). Brazilian Journal of Biology, 67(2), 293–7. DOI: 10.1590/S1519-69842007000200014
Dias, T. S., & Fialho, C. B. 2009. Biologia alimentar de quatro espécies simpátricas de Cheirodontinae (Characiformes, Characidae) do rio Ceará Mirim, Rio Grande do Norte. Iheringia - Série Zoologia, 99(3), 242–248. DOI: 10.1590/S0073-47212009000300003
Eschmeyer, W. N., Fricke R., & Van Der Laan, R. Catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. San Francisco, California Academy of Science. (Retrieved on April 30th, 2018, from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp).
Fantin-Cruz, I., Pedrollo, O., Castro, N. M. R., Girard, P., Zeilhofer, P., & Hamilton, S. K. 2011. Historical reconstruction of floodplain inundation in the Pantanal (Brazil) using neural networks. Journal of Hydrology, 399(3–4), 376–384. DOI: 10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2011.01.014
Feitosa, L. A., Fernandes, R., Costa, R. S., Gomes, L. C., & Agostinho, A. A. 2004. Parâmetros populacionais e simulação do rendimento por recruta de Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier, 1816) do alto rio Paraná. Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences, 26(3), 317–323. DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v26i3.1593
Fiori, L. F., Alves, G. H. Z., Hahn, N. S., Benedito, E., Fiori, L. F., Alves, G. H. Z., Hahn, N. S., & Benedito, E. 2016. Influence of feeding plasticity on the fitness of small Neotropical characids. Iheringia - Série Zoologia, 106, e2016006. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2016006
Froese, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight–length relationships: History, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(1), 241–253. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
Garcia, A.M., Vieira, J.P., Winemiller, K.O. et al. 2004. Reproductive cycle and spatiotemporal variation in abundance of the one-sided livebearer Jenynsia multidentata, in Patos Lagoon, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 515(3) 39-48. DOI: 10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027316.59258.a0
Gomiero, L. M., Carmassi, A. L., & Braga, F. M. S. 2007. Crescimento e mortalidade de Brycon opalinus (Characiformes, Characidae ) no Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , Mata Atlântica, Estado de São Paulo. BiotaNeotropica, 7(1), 21–26.
Grabowska, J., Pietraszewski, D., Przybylski, M., Tarkan, A. S., Marszal, L., &Lampart-Kałużniacka , M. 2011. Life-history traits of Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii, in the invaded Vistula River: early investment in reproduction but reduced growth rate. Hydrobiologia, 661(1), 197–210. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-010-0524-0
Gubiani, É. A., Gomes, L. C., & Agostinho, A. A. 2012. Estimates of population parameters and consumption/biomass ratio for fishes in reservoirs, Paraná State, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 10(1), 177–188. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252012000100017
Gulland, J. A. 1977. Fish populations dynamics. London: John Wiley & Sons: p. 372.
Humphries, P., King, A. J., & Koehn, J. D. 1998. Fish, flows and flood plains: links between freshwater fishes and their environment in the Murray-Darling river system, Australia. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 56(1), 129–151. DOI: 10.1023/A:1007536009916
Junk, W. J., Bayley, P. B., & Sparks, R. E. 1989. The flood pulse concept in river floodplain systems. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 106, 110–127.
King A. J., Humphries, P., & Lake, P. S. 2003. Fish recruitment on floodplains: the roles of patterns of flooding and life history characteristics. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 60(1), 773–786. DOI: 10.1139/f03-057
King, R. P., & Etim, L. 2004. Reproduction, growth, mortality and yield of Tilapia mariae Boulenger 1899 (Cichlidae) in a Nigerian rainforest wetland stream. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 20(1), 502–510. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2004.00545.x
Lima, F. T., Reynalte-Tataje, D.A., & Zaniboni-Filho, E. 2017. Effects of reservoirs water level variations on fish recruitment. Neotropical Ichthyology, 15(3), e160084. DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20160084
Lima, M. R. L., Bessa, E., & Krinski, Carvalho, D. L. N. 2012. Mutilating predation in the Cheirodontinae Odontostilbe pequira (Characiformes: Characidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 10(2), 361–368. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252012000200011
Lizama, M. D. L. A. P., & Ambrósio, A. M. 1999. Relação peso-comprimento e estrutura da população de nove espécies de Characidae na planície de inundação do Alto Rio Paraná, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 16(3), 779–788. DOI: 10.1590/S0101-81751999000300015
Lizama, M. A. P., & Ambrósio, A. M. 2003. Crescimento, recrutamento e mortalidade do pequi Moenkhausia intermedia (Osteichthyes, Characidae) na planície de inundação do Alto rio Paraná, Brasil. Acta Scientiarum - Biological Sciences, 25(2), 328–333. DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v25i2.2020
Lourenço, L. S., Súarez, Y. R., & Florentino, A. C. 2008. Aspectos populacionais de Serrapinnus notomelas (Eigenmann, 1915) e Bryconamericus stramineus Eigenmann, 1908 (Characiformes: Characidae) em riachos da bacia do rio Ivinhema, Alto Rio Paraná. Biota Neotropica, 8(4), 43–49. DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032008000400003
Lowe-McConnell, R. 1999. Estudos ecológicos em comunidades de peixes tropicais. São Paulo: EDUSP: p. 534.
Malabarba, L. R. 2003. Subfamily Cheirodontinae (Characins, tetras). In: R. E. Reis, S. O. Kullander, & C. J. Ferraris, (Eds.), Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. pp. 215–221. Porto Alegre: Edipucrs: p.729.
Mello, F. T., Vidal, N., Gonzalez-Bergonzoni, I., & Iglesias, C. 2009. Length-weight relationships of eight fish species from the lower section of the Uruguay River (Rio Negro, Uruguay). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25(1), 128–129. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01155.x
Mildenberger, T. K., Taylor, M. H., & Wolff, M. 2017a. TropFishR: Tropical Fisheries Analysis with R. R package version 1.1.3. Available from: https://CRAN.R project.org/package=TropFishR
Mildenberger, T. K., Taylor, M. H., & Wolff, M. 2017b. TropFishR: An R package for fisheries analysis with length-frequency data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 11, 1520–1527. DOI: 10.1111/ 2041-210X.12791
Moreau, J. 1987. Mathematical and biological expression of growth in fishes: recent trends and further developments. In: R. C. Summerfelt & G. E. Hall (Eds.), Age and growth of fish. pp. 81-113. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
MMA - Ministério do Meio Ambiente. 2006. Exploração de peixes ornamentais no Brasil com ênfase sobre a introdução de espécies exóticas. pp. 1–8. Brasília: Coordenação Geral de Recursos Pesqueiros.
Nikolsky, G.V. 1969. Theory of fish population dynamics as the biological background for rational exploitation and management of fishery resources. Edinburgh, UK: Oliver and Boyd: p. 323.
Oliveira, C. L. C., Fialho, C. B., & Malabarba, L. R. 2002. Período reprodutivo, desova e fecundidade de Cheirodon ibicuhiensis Eigenmann, 1915 (Ostariophysi: Characidae) do arroio Ribeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Comunicações do Museu de Ciência e Tecnologia, PUCRS, Série. Zoologia, 15(1), 3-14.
Oliveira, C. L. C., Fialho C B., & Malabarba, L. R. 2010. Reproductive period, fecundity and histology of gonads of two cheirodontines (Ostariophysi: Characidae) with different reproductive strategies - insemination and external fertilization. Neotropical Ichthyology, 8(2), 351–360. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252010000200014
Pauly, D. 1980. On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. International Council Exploration of the Sea, 39(2), 175–192. DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/39.2.175
Pauly, D. & David, N. 1981. ELEFAN I, a BASIC program for the objective extraction of growth parameters from length frequencies data. Meeresforschung, 28(4), 205–211.
Pelicice, F. M., & Agostinho, A. A. 2005. Perspectives on ornamental fisheries in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Fisheries Research, 72(1), 109–119. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2004.09.005
Resende, E. K. 2008. Pulso de inundação: Processo ecológico essencial à vida no Pantanal. Corumbá: Embrapa Pantanal: p. 15.
R Core Team. 2018. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Available from https://www.R-project.org/
Roa, R., Ernst, B., & Tapia, F. 1999. Estimation of size at sexual maturity: an evaluation of analytical and resampling procedures. Fisheries Bulletin, 97(3), 570–580.
Rochet, M. J. 2000. A comparative approach to life-history strategies and tactics among four orders of teleost fish. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 57(2), 228–239. DOI: 10.1006/jmsc.2000.0641
Santana, C. A. Tondato, K. K., & Súarez, Y. R. 2018. Reproductive biology of Hyphessobrycon eques (Characiformes: Characidae) in Southern Pantanal, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 79(1), 1–10. DOI:10.1590/1519-6984.176273
Santos, A. L. B., Pessanha, A. L. M., Costa, M. R., & Araújo, F. G. 2004. Relação peso-comprimento de Orthopristis ruber (Cuvier) (Teleostei, Haemulidae) na Baia de Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21(2), 185–187. DOI: 10.1590/S0101-81752004000200004
Silva, J. D. S. V., & Abdon, M. M. 1998. Delimitação do Pantanal brasileiro e suas sub-regiões. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 33(10), 1703–1711.
Silvano, J., Oliveira, C. L. C., Fialho, C. B., & Gurgel, H. C. B. 2003. Reproductive period and fecundity of Serrapinnus piaba (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from the rio Ceará Mirim, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 1(1), 61–66. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252003000100007
Súarez, Y. R., Jr. Petrere, M., & Catella, A. C. 2001. Factors determining the structure of fish communities in Pantanal lagoons (MS, Brazil). Fisheries Management and Ecology, 8(2), 173–186. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2400.2001.00236.x
Súarez, Y., Ferreira, F., & Tondato, K. 2013. Assemblage of fish species associated with aquatic macrophytes in Porto Murtinho Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 13(2), 182–189. DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032013000200017
Súarez, Y. R., Silva, J. P., Vasconcelos, L. P., & Antonialli-Júnior, W. F. 2009. Ecology of Phallotorynus pankalos (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in a first-order stream of the upper Paraná Basin. Neotropical Ichthyology, 7(1), 49–54. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252009000100007
Súarez, Y. R., Silva, E. A., & Viana, L. F. 2017. Reproductive biology of Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae) in the southern Pantanal floodplain, upper Paraguay River basin, Brazil. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 100(7), 775–783. DOI: 10.1007/s10641-017-0604-3
Taylor, C. C. 1958. Cod growth and temperature. Journal du Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer, 23, 366–370.
Taylor, M. H., & Mildenberger, T. K. 2017. Extending electronic length frequency analysis in R. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 24(4), 330–338. DOI: 10.1111/fme.12232
Tedesco, P. A., Hugueny, B., Oberdorff, T., Dürr, H. H., Mérigoux, S., & Mérona, B. 2008. River hydrological seasonality influences life history strategies of tropical riverine fishes. Oecologia, 156(3), 691–702. DOI: 10.1007/s00442-008-1021-2
Tondato, K. K., Fialho, C. B., & Suárez, Y. R. 2012. Life history traits of Odontostilbe pequira (Steindachner, 1882) in the Pantanal of Porto Murtinho, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. Oecologia Australis, 16(4), 878–890. DOI: 10.4257/oeco.2012.1604.11
Tondato, K. K., Súarez, Y. R., Mateus, L. A. F., Vicentin, W., & Fialho, C. B. 2018. Life history characteristics and recruitment of fish under the effect of different hydrological regimes in a tropical floodplain. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 101(9), 1369–1384 DOI: 10.1007/s10641-018-0784-5
Tondato. K. K., Fialho, C. B., & Súarez, Y. R. 2014. Reproductive ecology of Odontostilbe pequira (Steindachner, 1882) (Characidae, Cheirodontinae) in the Paraguay River, southern Pantanal, Brazil. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 97(1), 13–25. DOI: 10.1007/s10641-013-0119-5
Vazzoler, A. E. A. M. 1996. Biologia da reprodução de peixes teleósteos: teoria e prática. Maringá: Editora Universidade Estadual de Maringá: p. 169.
Vazzoler, A. E. A. M., & Menezes, N. A. 1992. Síntese dos conhecimentos sobre o comportamento reprodutivo dos Characiformes da América do Sul (Teleostei, Ostariophysi). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 52(4), 627–640.
Vazzoler, A. E. A. M., Agostinho, A. A., & Hahn, N. S. 1997. A planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná: aspectos físicos, biológicos e socioeconômicos. Maringá: EDUEM: p. 543.
Venables, W. N., & Ripley, B. D. 2002. Modern applied statistics with S. New York: Springer. p. 498. DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-21706-2
Vicentin, W., Costa, F. E. S., & Súarez, Y. R. 2012. Length-weight relationships and length at first maturity for fish species in the upper Miranda River, southern Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 28(1), 143–145. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01890.x
Walls, M., Kortelainen, I., & Sarvala, J. 1990. Prey responses to fish predation in freshwater communities. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 27(1), 183–199.
Winemiller, K. O. 1989. Patterns of variation in life history among South American fishes in seasonal environments. Oecologia, 81(4), 225–241. DOI: 10.1007/BF00379810
Winemiller, K. O., & Rose, K.A. 1992. Patterns of life-history diversification in North American fishes: implications for population regulation. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 49(10), 2196–2218. DOI: 10.1139/f92-242
Wootton, R. J. 1992. Fish ecology. New York: Chapman and Hall: p. 212.
Wootton, R. J.1999. Ecology of teleost fishes. 2nd ed. Chapman & Hall: London. p. 386.
Zeug, S. C., & Winemiller, K. O. 2007. Ecological correlates of fish reproductive activity in floodplain rivers: a life-history-based approach. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 64(10), 1291–1301. DOI: 10.1139/f07-094