The alternation between tu/você in 20th-century Piauí writing: linguistic and social conditioning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31513/linguistica.2026.v22n1a72254Abstract
This study investigates the variation in forms of reference to the second-person singular subject (tu/você) based on the written production of illustrious and not illustrious people from Piauí in the 20th century, more specifically between the 1920s and 1990s, in light of the principles of historical sociolinguistics (Hernández-Campoy; Schilling, 2012), Variation Theory (Labov, 1994), and the process of submitting historical data to RBrul (RStudio). The main hypothesis is that você was already emerging as more productive than tu in the 20th century era of Brazilian Portuguese, as observed by Scherre et al. (2021) in light of Deus (2009) and Cardoso (2008) for the ALiB data. In general, we observed the prevalence of você (60.03%), although with intense alternation with tu (39.97%) in letters from Piauí. We found that the form você is favored by the linguistic variables verbal person, formal and semantic parallelism, subject expression, and by the social variables age group and schooling, following the results of Souza (2021) and Souza (2012), also conducted through the analysis of historical samples within the scope of historical sociolinguistics.
Keywords: Variation tu/você. Letters from Piauí from the 20th century. Historical sociolinguistics.
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